Perioperative nursing intervention of lower extremityvenous thrombosis in patients with gynecological tumors after operation
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摘要:目的 探讨围术期护理干预对妇科肿瘤患者术后下肢静脉血栓的影响。方法 选取本院收治的72例妇科肿瘤患者为研究对象，随机分为观察组和对照组各36例。对照组采用常规护理，观察组在此基础上采用围术期护理。比较2组患者术后凝血4项指标凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血酶原时间(APTT)、凝血酶时间(TT)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)水平及术后下肢疼痛、下肢肿胀及浅静脉曲张发生情况，并采用多普勒血管彩超检测患者是否出现下肢静脉血栓。结果 护理后，观察组患者的PT、APTT、TT均显著长于对照组, FIB水平显著低于对照组(P < 0.05)。护理后，观察组患者下肢疼痛、下肢肿胀、浅静脉曲张及下肢静脉血栓的发生率显著低于对照组(P < 0.05)。结论 妇科肿瘤患者围术期护理干预可以降低DVT的发生。Abstract:Objective To study the effect of perioperative nursing intervention on lower limb venous thrombosis in patients with gynecological tumors after operation.Methods Seventy-two patients with gynecological tumors admitted to our hospital were selected as research objects, and were divided into observation group and control group by random number table method, with 36 cases in each group. Patients in the control group received routine nursing, while those in the observation group received perioperative nursing. The levels of prothrombin time (PT), activated partial prothrombin time (APTT), thrombin time (TT), fibrinogen (FIB) and the occurrence of lower limb pain, lower limb swelling and superficial varicose veins were compared between the two groups. Doppler ultrasound was used to detect the occurrence of lower limb venous thrombosis.Results After nursing, PT, APTT and TT levels in the observation group were significantly longer, and FIB levels was significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). After nursing, the incidences of lower limb pain, lower limb swelling, superficial varicose veins and lower limb venous thrombosis in the observation group were significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05).Conclusion Perioperative nursing intervention for gynecological cancer patients can greatly reduce the incidence of DVT.
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表 1 2组患者术后凝血指标比较(x±s)
组别 PT/s APTT/s TT/s FIB/(g/L) 对照组(n=36) 10.12±1.02 30.11±1.51 8.32±2.01 3.04±1.11 观察组(n=36) 12.32±2.50* 32.08±2.12* 9.56±3.13* 5.23±1.05* PT: 凝血酶原时间; APTT: 活化部分凝血酶原时间; TT: 凝血酶时间; FIB: 纤维蛋白原; 与对照组比较, *P < 0.05。 
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表 2 2组患者出现下肢静脉血栓情况比较[n(%)]
组别 下肢疼痛 下肢肿胀 下肢浅静脉曲张 下肢出现栓子 合计 对照组(n=36) 5(14.00) 4(11.00) 6(17.00) 3(8.00) 18(50.00) 观察组(n=36) 1(3.00)* 1(3.00)* 0* 0* 2(5.00)* 与对照组比较, *P < 0.05。
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